Heavy Cardanol

Heavy Cardanol

Heavy Cardanol, also known as cashew residol, is low-volatility bio-based phenolic residue with high crosslink activity. Ideal for friction materials, bioasphalt modification, anti-corrosion coatings & industrial adhesives. Cost-effective renewable CNSL raw material.
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Description

Heavy Cardanol, commonly named cashew residol or heavy CNSL residue, is a bio-based from crude cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). After extracting light distilled cardanol, the high-boiling residual heavy fraction is collected as commercial heavy cardanol. This natural phenolic compound consists of oligomeric cardanol, high-content cardol and long-chain alkyl phenols with abundant active hydroxyl groups. Featuring ultra-low volatility, strong oil compatibility and outstanding thermal stability, heavy cardanol acts as an economical, low-carbon industrial modifier. It serves as a sustainable replacement for petroleum-based phenols and fits mass production across multiple industrial sectors.

Core Advantages of Heavy Cardanol

 
  • High crosslinking activity:
    Heavy cardanol contains massive phenolic hydroxyl groups and oligomeric active structures, far exceeding regular distilled cardanol in reactive sites. When cured, it delivers fast crosslink speed and high crosslink density, greatly boosting finished products' hardness, water resistance and abrasion resistance.
  • Superior thermal stability:
    As macromolecular heavy phenolic mixture, heavy cardanol holds ultra-low volatile content. It rarely decomposes or loses mass under high-temperature working conditions, effectively resisting thermal fading and matching high-heat industrial processing requirements.
  • Wide material compatibility:
    Owing to its long alkyl side chains, heavy cardanol shows excellent miscibility with asphalt, rubber, petroleum resin, phenolic resin and most organic solvents. Its compatibility outperforms standard light cardanol significantly.
  • Low cost & eco-friendly bio-based material:
    Derived from agricultural waste cashew shells, heavy cardanol is 100% renewable bio-based feedstock with a small carbon footprint. Its price is much lower than refined cardanol and petrochemical phenol, helping manufacturers cut raw material costs remarkably..
  • Integrated multi-functional performance:
    Natural heavy cardanol comes with inherent anti-rust, anti-oxidation, wear-resistant and insulating properties. Formulators can reduce extra auxiliary additives and simplify production formulas.

Main Industrial Applications of Heavy Cardanol

 

Friction Materials (Largest Consumption Field)

Heavy cardanol is a key raw material for modified phenolic resin used in automotive brake pads, clutch facings, industrial grinding wheels and railway brake shoes. Adding heavy cardanol improves thermal resistance and friction stability of resin matrix, lowers brake noise and wear rate, and solves thermal fading failure during high-temperature braking. Meanwhile, it partially replaces high-purity phenolic resin to control production cost.

Bioasphalt Modifier for Road & Waterproofing

As a dedicated bio-based modifier for pavement asphalt and waterproof coil asphalt, heavy cardanol fixes two typical asphalt defects: softening and flowing under high temperature, cracking under low temperature. It strengthens adhesion between asphalt and aggregate sand, as well as water and weather resistance. Heavy cardanol has become a core eco-friendly additive for green municipal and highway bioasphalt projects.

Industrial Adhesives & Modified Phenolic Resin

Heavy cardanol is widely applied in foundry sand core binders, refractory adhesives and wood panel glues. Condensed with formaldehyde, heavy cardanol produces modified phenolic resin with high bonding strength, good toughness and superior water resistance. It can substitute large portions of petroleum phenol with prominent cost-performance advantages.

Heavy-Duty Anti-Corrosion Coatings

Heavy cardanol works well for thick anti-rust primer applied on steel structures, underground pipelines, containers and ship hulls. Its phenolic hydroxyl groups provide passivation anti-corrosion capacity, while long alkyl chains form hydrophobic barriers to block water vapor penetration. With high solid content and low volatility, heavy cardanol fits high-temperature baking anti-corrosion coating systems for long-lasting rust protection.

Rubber & Plastic Auxiliary Agents

Manufacturers adopt heavy cardanol as anti-aging plasticizer for rubber, antioxidant stabilizer for PVC, and dispersing carrier for color masterbatch. It optimizes filler dispersion and enhances oil resistance, weather resistance and anti-aging performance of rubber and plastic finished goods.

Product Standards

 
Test Item Test Result
Density (20℃), kg/m³ 997.51
Kinematic Viscosity (100℃), mm²/s 50.13
Kinematic Viscosity (40℃), mm²/s 1471
Sulfur Content, wt% 0.030
Acid Value, mgKOH/g 2.140
Refractive Index (20℃) 1.5297
Pour Point, ℃ -8
Ash Content, wt% 2.65
Carbon Residue, wt% 10.12
Acid Value, mgKOH/g 0.326
Water Content Trace
Four Fractions of Heavy Oil --
Saturated Fraction, wt% 0.89
Aromatic Fraction, wt% 21.12
Colloidal Fraction, wt% 43.39
Asphaltene Fraction, wt% 34.60
Vacuum Distillation Range --
Initial Boiling Point, ℃ 290
Temperature at 5% Distillate, ℃ 420
Temperature at 10% Distillate, ℃ 423
Temperature at 20% Distillate, ℃ 425

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